Basic English Grammar-Part 1
In English, there are
various parts of speech:
Noun: (e.g. seminar, webinar, tea,
party, Wednesday, Jemica, friends, corner)
Verb: have,am, is, would, like, come, are, doing,
look
Verbs express
thought, feeling, fact, repeated action
Adjective: essential, free, expensive, good
Adverb: today, here, rather, really
Preposition: at,
to, on, in
Determiner: an,this,the
Pronoun: I,it, He, you
Linking word
(Conjunction): so, and, but
Interjection: Hurrah! Alas!
These parts of speech are, sometimes, used in different ways:
For example, the
word look is used in two ways
As a noun: I like
the look of the house.
As a verb: You can look
at these documents.
In English, there are
various structures of sentence:
Subject+ Verb
He objected.
She agrees.
Subject+ Verb+ Object
I ’ve
made the
assignment.
She has
written all the
essays.
Subject+ Verb+ Complement
His mother is a
doctor.
That was a
difficult question.
Subject+Verb+adverbial (An adverbial is a prepositional phrase or an adverb)
I am in the office.
We are in the balcony.
Subject+verb+ Indirect object+ Direct Object
He gifted her a
beautiful watch.
The chief guest gave
them medals.
Dinesh gave Richa a
pen drive.
We bought all the
students a mask.
Subject+ Verb+ Direct Object+ Phrase with to/for
He gifted a
beautiful watch to her.
The chief guest gave
medals to them.
Dinesh gave a pen
drive to Richa.
We bought masks for
all the students.
Note: People give something to someone, and they buy something for someone.
To can be used with the verbs:
bring, feed,
give, hand, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, post, promise, read, sell, send, show,
take, teach, tell, throw, write.
Hiren paid the money
to the manager.
For can be
used with verbs:
book, bring, build,
buy, choose, cook, fetch, find, get, leave, make, order, pick, reserve, save
They found a spare
folder for me.
I have saved a seat
for her.
She is making a cake
for Siya.
Write down the two adverbials in each of the following sentences:
1.
Suresh
Kumar opened a grocery store in Kaithal yesterday.
2.
They
also spoke with several old people.
3.
The
health centre was first established in 1989.
4.
Naturally,
the committee could not prove him guilty without sufficient evidence.
5.
Fortunately,
we managed to get the study loan from this bank.
Answers:
1.
In
Kaithal, yesterday
2.
Also,
with several old people
3.
First,
in 1989.
4.
Naturally,
without sufficient evidence.
5.
Fortunately,
from this bank.
Look at the
following verbs. Find out the different meanings that they express:
1.
Jiya loves sports.
2.
Divya often works late at the
office.
3.
I hate such hypocrisy.
4.
We play cricket every Thursday.
5.
The laptop belongs to Mr
Sharma.
6.
These rackets cost Rs. 500 each.
7.
I believe it is the right thing to do.
8.
He is hungry. He wants to eat something.
9.
I usually go to college by
bus.
10.
It is okay. I understand your
problem.
Answers:
1.
a
feeling
2.
a
repeated action
3.
a feeling
4.
a repeated
action
5.
a fact
6.
a fact
7.
a thought
8.
a feeling
9.
a repeated
action
10.
a thought
Please do post your query/feedback/doubts/suggestions about this post/blog. In the next post, I shall focus on the tenses.
For further study,
you may refer to the book Advanced Communicative English by Dr Jimmy Sharma available at Prism Book Store, University Market, Kurukshetra, Haryana. You can place the order for the book at :
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